Episode 82 - 10/18/66

David gazes into his crystal ball when Vicki comes in to work on his math schoolwork. David tells her that Burke knows his father killed Bill Malloy, and that Burke's going to prove it.

Burke finds the Sheriff in the diner reading a detective story. Burke tells him that he had been up to lookout point. He asks if the Sheriff had searched the area up there. He spells out the scenario of the missing pen, noting that if Roger lost it at lookout point, it could confirm his guilt. The Sheriff all but ignores him.

Vicki and Roger work on his homework, and he notices her cool pen.

Burke reiterates that Roger had to have lost the pen between his house and the meeting in his office the night of Bill's death. He implores the Sheriff to investigate the pen, and eventually drives him out of the diner.

David tells Vicki that Mrs. Johnson is coming to live with them. He then says he's going to be a millionaire when he grows up - after he partners with Burke Devlin. Roger walks in on them as Vicki describes finding her pen on the beach. Roger asks to see it as Vicki suggests that perhaps she should post it in a local lost and found. The phone rings downstairs, and Roger goes to get it. David points out that he's taking Vicki's pen and he gives it back to her.

Downstairs, Roger answers the phone. It's Burke, demanding that Roger bring him his fountain pen.

Roger arrives and explains that he lost the pen. He offers to replace it. Burke explains that he thinks Roger lost the pen at lookout point, where he met Bill and pushed him off the cliff. Roger denies it, as the Sheriff walks in, as he forgot to pay his bill when Burke drove him out earlier. Burke thinks someone found the pen, and when word gets out, Roger won't be able to deny his involvement in Bill's death.

David asks Vicki about the pen. He really likes it. She says she may give it to him someday, if he does his lessons and works hard. David pouts that he knew there would be a catch. Roger returns and asks her to meet him in the drawing room.

Roger brings up his prior offer to work for his friends in Florida. She reiterates that she doesn't want to leave. He explains that Burke is still plotting against them. He suggests that she just leave, and that he'd be happy to pay her a few thousand dollars for her trouble. She refuses. David bursts in and after Roger leaves. David closes the door and says he knows she found the pen at lookout point by checking his crystal ball.

Upstairs, Roger sits in front of David's crystal ball. He picks up Vicki's pen and pockets it before slinking out of the room.

Our thoughts

John: Burke tells Roger he's at the Blue Whale, but Roger goes straight to the diner and finds him there. Roger must have known Burke meant to say he was at the diner, as he didn't hear Collinsport's greatest hits on the jukebox.

Christine: That's very observant of you. I didn't catch that. It could be that Roger went to the diner hoping to purposely miss him at the Blue Whale and Burke had the foresight to know that's what he would do.

John: So Roger finally has the pen. All his problems are solved, as long as he can keep David and Vicki away from Burke Devlin. Unfortunately, he's not going to be able to buy off Vicki to get her out of town. So much for their newfound relationship.

Christine: He may be able to restrict David's movements, but it certainly spells doom for Miss Winters. 

John: We're still waiting for Mrs. Johnson to arrive. As if there wasn't enough turmoil in Collinwood already.

Episode 100 - 11/11/66

Carolyn explains how her uncle Roger lost Burke's pen the night that Bill Malloy died. Vicki is noticeably upset. She changes her tune about Burke, saying that perhaps she  overreacted when saying that Burke was dangerous. David is listening in as Vicki suggests Carolyn's family may not be happy with her going out with Burke. David interrupts them to say he's going to tell his father that she's going to see Burke. He doesn't think she should be able to if he can't. David tells her that his father will stop her. Vicki asks if she can borrow her car, and Carolyn says she can, as long as she gets in back in time for her date with Burke.

Vicki drives to Collinsport to see Burke. She tells him that Roger was lying, and she thinks he murdered Bill Malloy. Burke wants to know how Roger was at Lookout Point that night, and Vicki says she found the pen. Burke now understands why Vicki didn't ride back from Bangor with him. Burke says they'll go tell the sheriff, and asks her for the pen. She explains that it's lost, and he asks if Roger knows she had it. When she says yes, Burke assumes that Roger may have destroyed it. Burke is concerned that without the pen, he won't have sufficient evidence for the sheriff.

Roger arrives home and David asks him what is the worst thing anyone could do to him? David says he's not making secret plans with Burke like Carolyn is. Roger goes upstairs to speak with her.

Burke asks Vicki if Carolyn has any idea what she told her. Vicki says Carolyn doesn't know that she found the pen at Lookout Point. Vicki says that her memory of what the pen looked like wouldn't be enough for the sheriff. She then says she doesn't know for sure that Roger killed Bill Malloy. Burke agrees that the sheriff wouldn't believe Roger killed Bill Malloy if he saw him do it with a butcher knife on main street. He says they need to search for additional evidence. Vicki agrees to help.

Roger forbids Carolyn from seeing Burke, and she says he can't stop her. She says Vicki said the same, and felt he was dangerous until she found out Burke had given her the pen. Roger asks if he told her about what happened to the pen, and Carolyn says only that he lost it.

Our thoughts

John: It seems to me that the pen evidence precludes the need to finalize the timeline of Bill's murder. If the pen that Roger had ended up at Lookout Point, it got there sometime between Roger leaving the house and when he later met Burke at his office. Surely if Roger was confronted with the information about the pen in front of the sheriff, he would break. Provided he didn't have time to prepare an explanation in advance, of course.

Christine: The pen doesn't really prove a whole lot. It could be that Roger was walking at Lookout Point on the way to the meeting before Malloy met his doom there. Still, it doesn't look good, and the fact that he tampered with evidence does not speak well for him.

John: Vicki arrives at Burke's room and tells him Roger killed Bill Malloy. Minutes later, she's saying she's not sure. Come on, Vicki!

Christine: She was convinced that Burke was guilty a few episodes ago, so she should be second guessing herself at this point.

John: So much for Roger not finding out that Vicki knows he had and lost the pen on the night Bill Malloy died. Next week should prove to be an interesting one!

Christine: He'll wish he had gotten rid of her at the old shack during the storm while he had the chance. By the way, Happy Episode 100! Only 11 more 100s to go!

Episode 95 - 11/4/66

Over dinner, Vicki tells Frank that one of the reasons she needed to get out of Collinwood for a few days was that she saw the ghost of Bill Malloy. Frank tells her that she must have been dreaming. He asks why she's going back if she's so frightened by the house, and she says that she feels like she belongs there.

Burke returns to the restaurant, and tells Vicki he'll be leaving in 30 minutes. She thanks him. Frank is disappointed, as he was hoping to drive her back. Frank asks her if she and Devlin are more than friends, and she says she doesn't know Burke very well. She says sometimes he's kind, and others he can be violent and threatening. Frank is thrilled to know that she doesn't have a boyfriend. He asks her out on a date, and she agrees.

Burke goes over Logansport paperwork with Blair. He confirms that Elizabeth hasn't yet made a bid. Burke tells Blair to raise his bid 10%. He explains that he's willing to overpay if necessary. Vicki returns, and Burke leaves her with Blair while he goes to check out.

Blair is surprised to hear that Vicki is from Collinwood; he wasn't aware that Burke had friends there. He starts to sign some contracts, and Vicki notices his pen. He says it was a gift from Burke. She explains that she found one at lookout point, and he says that's all but impossible. There are only six in existence, and Burke acquired them in South America. Vicki falters and tells Blair that the pen she found was different.

Burke returns to sign the documents, and mentions that his pen is missing. After Blair leaves, Vicki says she has to make a telephone call. Burke asks her to hurry.

Vicki tries unsuccessfully to call Frank Garner. Then she calls Collinwood.

Roger answers the phone. Vicki asks him to come pick her up in Bangor. She says she's in danger. She says she thinks Burke's involved with Bill Malloy's death. She tells Roger the pen she found on the beach was Burke's, and it could mean that he was there when Bill died. Roger says not to mention the pen to Burke, but tell him she can't go with him, and that he'll come get her.

Vicki tells Burke that she's going to stay in Bangor another night. He doesn't understand, as she waited all night and already checked out of the hotel, but he doesn't argue and leaves her alone in the hotel.

Roger leaves Collinwood to go to Bangor to get Vicki.

Our thoughts

John: Will Frank Garner develop into a long-distance love interest for Vicki? And will Carolyn be jealous when she gets a look at him? The show has really felt like a soap opera this week.

Christine: Handsome Frank Garner would be ideal for Vicki. How dumb was Vicki not to ditch Burke and get a ride back with Frank, even before she suspected him of murder? Carolyn won't be jealous of a nice fellow like Frank when she wants a bad boy like Burke.

John: Did we really need to know just how rare and exclusive the Burke Devlin pen was? Isn't it enough that the pen Vicki found on the beach could be identified by Carolyn as the one in her uncle's possession the night Bill died? I guess not.

Christine: Yes, we did need to know so that Vicki would have a reason to suspect Burke and so we're not thinking that there are a million of them out there that could have been dropped by anyone on that beach. If it was one of a rare few, then it had to be the pen Burke gave to Carolyn that Roger lost in the place where Bill Malloy likely died.

John: Sure, just another fancy pen that ended up in the last place Bill's body would have been alive... just a coincidence. It's an interesting twist that Vicki now believes the pen she found points to Burke's possible involvement in Bill Malloy's murder. Of course we know that theory can quickly be debunked if she comes forward with that information. Though Roger can always dig up the pen, can he explain how it found its way to the beach where Bill may have died while in his possession? I'll admit that I was a bit disappointed with this Bangor trip when it was looking like it only served to setup a new love interest for Vicki. Nice way to turn things around on Friday afternoon!

Christine: Just when we thought the pen was dead and buried. Will Roger take the opportunity to get rid of Miss Winters on the way back to Collinwood?

Episode 106 - 11/21/66

Vicki arrives at the sheriff's office. Mr. Garner is there, acting as legal counsel for Roger. The sheriff asks him to leave, and Mr. Garner says he'll be staying for the questioning. She asks where Roger is, and the sheriff says they're holding him, but he needs to ask her a few questions.

He asks her to identify the pen. She explains that she found it at Lookout Point, two or three days after Bill died. Mr. Garner interrupts to say that Roger might have lost it at any time in the interval after Bill died. Vicki then says she took the pen back to Collinwood. She had it for a day, and then it disappeared. She left it in David's room, and when she went back for it, it was gone. She said Roger and David were in the house. She thought David had stolen it. The sheriff asks if Roger had seen the pen, and she confirmed that he had. Garner interrupts trying to mount a defense, and the sheriff threatens to remove him from the office.

The sheriff asks when she understood the significance of the pen, and Vicki says it was when she saw Blair's pen in Bangor. He explained how rare it was, and that Burke had a duplicate. The sheriff asks if she thought Burke dropped the pen on the beach. She said she was, until she found out that Burke had given it to Carolyn, who told her that Roger took it. She said that Carolyn told Roger that she knew about the pen, and he came to her to tell his version of what happened that night; that he had been at Lookout Point, but that he didn't have anything to do with Bill's death. He was already dead when he arrived. She said she wanted to believe him, but she didn't know what she believed until someone broke into her room in the middle of the night. She said she screamed, and then Roger entered. He told her she imagined it. Garner says she could have been dreaming, and the sheriff gives him a last warning.

Vicki also describes the car attempting to run her down last night. She says she ran back to Collinwood and phoned Burke. The sheriff asks why she was walking back to Collinwood at night, and Vicki describes her meeting with Sam Evans. He wanted to know what she knew about Bill Malloy's death, and when she didn't answer his questions he was angry. Mr. Garner asks if he can ask a few questions, and the sheriff allows it. He asks her to confirm that she can't identify Roger as the one who broke into her room, or who tried to run her down. She asks if not Roger, then who?

The sheriff says he may ask her to come back to make a formal statement. As she's leaving, Mr. Garner stops her to say that his son is coming to town to help him with the case, and he was looking forward to seeing her. Carolyn shows up and she's upset. Her mother told her that Roger was being held in connection with Bill Malloy's death. Carolyn asks Vicki to wait for her, and goes in to see the sheriff.

The sheriff asks Mr. Garner to explain what's going on. Mr Garner explains that the sheriff is going to ask her a few questions. He shows her the pen and asks her if she had seen it before. She said it was her pen, given to her by Burke Devlin. She says it was lost, and she describes how Roger took it from her to return to Burke. He asks her when he lost it, and she says it was the night Bill Malloy died. He tells her Vicki found the pen on the beach at Lookout Point. She asks if Vicki told him that Roger killed Bill Malloy. She says she must have a grudge against her uncle Roger. The sheriff says Vicki was almost killed by someone last night, and he asks where her uncle was at 8pm last night. Carolyn breaks down, and the sheriff asks Vicki to come in and take Carolyn home. The sheriff asks that she stay in the house and try not to be alone. The girls leave and the sheriff calls for Roger to be brought in to his office.

Roger enters the sheriff's office. He tells Garner he hopes he's prepared to sue for false arrest. The sheriff asks why Roger buried the pen. He explains that was foolish of him. He says he buried it because it would lead people to the wrong set of conclusions. The sheriff says that he didn't want it known he was at the place Bill was killed. Garner interrupts Roger to say he doesn't have to admit anything, but Roger continues. He explains that he arranged to meet Bill, and when he arrived he found Bill was already dead. The sheriff asked what happened next. Roger says he want to his office. The sheriff asked why he didn't contact him, and why he lied the following day. He says he didn't want his sister to be embroiled in everything. The sheriff explains that lying to a police officer in an investigation is against the law. Roger asks what he intends to do about it.

The sheriff clarifies that he hasn't yet accused Roger of anything, and then asks if he has a full set of keys to Collinwood. Roger says he only has a handful of keys. The sheriff asks if he has a key to Vicki's room, and Roger sees where the questioning is leading. Rather than answer, he claims that Vicki imagined the whole thing. The sheriff asks if he has access to his sister's keys. Roger says that he surely could have broken into Vicki's room but why would he. The sheriff asks where he was at 8pm, and Roger explains he was driving around, alone, with no destination, and no one saw him. He then asks if that's when Vicki was almost run over. He does claim to have stopped for gas after 8pm somewhere outside Clearwater. He tells the sheriff to check on that, because he's told him the entire truth.

Back at Collinwood, Carolyn is distraught. She tells Vicki that she can't believe her uncle Roger would try to hurt her.

Roger says he couldn't harm anyone, let alone his governess. Roger asks how long they have to stay. The sheriff asks about the meeting with Bill. He says Burke has a theory, Roger denies there being any truth to it. The sheriff asks why Bill called the meeting the night he died. Roger dodges the question. Roger proclaims that someone may be trying to kill Vicki, but it's not him.

Our thoughts

John: Garner isn't a very good lawyer. Rather than paying attention and taking notes while Vicki answers the sheriff's questions, he's attempting to try the case in the sheriff's office.

Christine: Perhaps Garner Jr. would have handled the case better.

John: Why does the sheriff asks Garner to explain to Carolyn what he's going to do, when all he's going to do are ask her a few questions?

Christine: Maybe he thought it would calm her down to have Garner speak to her, thus avoiding any female histrionics.

John: Roger goes to great lengths to proclaim that he's telling the entire truth, but who would believe him after he had already been caught in a myriad of lies? Whether or not he's guilty of murder, he's certainly guilty of lying to the sheriff investigating Bill's death, and hiding evidence. Surely that's enough to lock him up for a little while...

Addendum:  Legal analysis by an anonymous person who does not play a lawyer on TV

One might wonder about the level of professional competence displayed by Mr. Garner, the attorney summoned by accused murderer Roger Collins. Because of our limited perspective at this point, an attorney reviewing Garner's competence would mostly have to give him the benefit of the doubt. Deciding on whether the specific acts of a TV Lawyer are competent depends on what advance preparation and investigation have been performed by the TV Lawyer, and what facts are known to the Lawyer.

Garner could be a bumbling idiot - or maybe he just reflects the inaccurate depiction of lawyers and legal proceedings characteristic to TV shows and movies. I'd say the jury is still out on the question of Garner's competence. While there are some reasons for concern about his legal abilities, there's not enough evidence to make a firm conclusion either way at this point.

This brief addendum will review the competence of Garner using a "TV Lawyer Competency Rating" (TVLCR) scale. This WAG scale is based on my estimation of how a general audience might rate a TV Lawyer's performance. I have supplemented these TVLCR scores with some comments reflecting real-world practices.


ISSUE 1: OBSERVING THE INTERROGATION

The episode starts out with Mr. Garner at the sheriff's office where the interrogation of witnesses is about to begin. The Sheriff invites Garner to leave, but Garner points out that he has a right to be present.

During the interrogation of Miss Winters, Garner jumps in a couple of times to try and score some rhetorical points. This causes the Sheriff to threaten to throw Garner out of the office. Realizing that being present for these interrogations is in the best interest of his client, Garner seems to try and hold his tongue. However, he does interrupt the questioning of Winters one more time, which causes the Sheriff to give him a final warning.

TV LAWYER RATING: Competent. Garner asserted his right to be present to hear the statements of the witnesses even though the Sheriff wrongly tried to get him to leave. Garner advocated points advantageous to his client and pushed the envelope with the Sheriff. While these types of interruptions aren't necessarily helpful in a real-life interrogation, they are certainly what people expect from a competent TV lawyer!

ISSUE 2: PARTICIPATING IN THE INTERROGATION

Garner gets permission to ask Miss Winters some questions. He immediately scores points by getting her to acknowledge that she did not see who was trying to break into her room, nor did she see who was driving the car that she thought was trying to run her over.

Garner then makes the classic cross-examination mistake of asking "one question too many." He does so by confronting Winters with the conclusion that since she didn't see who committed the acts, there was no proof that Roger Collins was the person who did those things. However, this misstep only serves to give Winters the opportunity to blurt out: "If it wasn't Roger, who was it?"

At least it didn't happen in front of a jury, where this kind of "one question too many" mistake can be embarrassing (not to mention devastating to the client's case). Garner should have stopped asking questions after he elicited the helpful facts. Later he could have used these facts, at the appropriate time and place, to argue the conclusion he wanted to draw from the failings of the evidence.

Instead, Garner asked that "one question too many" which allowed the witness to advance a negative conclusion. Posing the supposed "lack of proof" as a question also gave Winters an opportunity to volunteer other harmful facts that had not yet come out (although that did not happen in this instance).

While supporters of Garner’s tactics might argue that he was using the interview setting to test the waters, and that it was a less risky situation to ask "one question too many", I don't buy it. Unless you know the witness is going to say "and I don't think he did it", there doesn't seem to be any meaningful benefit to confronting the witness with a fairly weak conclusion that doesn't necessarily follow from all the facts.

TV LAWYER RATING: Incompetent. All Garner accomplished was getting the witness to essentially say: "Who else could have been the murderer except your client?"


ISSUE 3: EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL

Things really seem to go off the rails when Roger comes in. We know that Collins is being held by the Sheriff, although only for questioning. Why isn't Collins read his rights? Why is Garner just sitting there while the client talks and talks?

An important missing piece of information is whether Garner had had an opportunity to speak with Collins privately prior to the interrogation by the Sheriff. If that had occurred, then hopefully Garner would have advised Collins about the right to remain silent and inquired into the statements that Collins would be making.

Interestingly enough, the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona was issued only about five months before this episode aired. So the expected TV "reading of your rights" does not occur. Throughout the seventies, the Miranda warnings (i.e. "you have the right to remain silent...", etc.) would become a staple of police shows and movies. Indeed, these scenes were repeated ad nauseum to the extent that it created a general misimpression that an arrest was illegal if the police did not read a person their rights. (In reality, Miranda warnings are not required to be given simply because someone is being arrested. Further, the failure to give the warnings does not render an arrest invalid, but it could result in statements being declared inadmissible.)

Given the typical inaccuracy of the legal proceedings depicted on television shows and in movies, it is no surprise that Dark Shadows does not incorporate breaking legal issues that were only several months old at the time of the episode (this isn't a "ripped from the headlines" legal show like Law & Order, after all).

That being said, as Collins is making a variety of statements to the Sheriff, Garner jumps in with the advice: "You don't have to admit anything you don't want to admit." Not bad for a TV lawyer, especially during that era, but the better advice would have been: "You don't have to make any statements at all — and SHUT UP like I told you during our meeting at the jail."

In real life, the client ultimately makes the decision about whether or not to make a statement to the police. A lawyer must make sure that the client is properly advised and understands the risks of making a statement. From what I saw in this episode, Roger Collins strikes me as just the type of client who would have disregarded his lawyer's advice in this regard, even if Collins had been properly advised by Garner prior to the interrogation by the sheriff.

TV LAWYER RATING: Incompetent. How can Garner just sit there and let his client say all those things without even being read his rights?


OVERALL EVALUATION

Garner strikes me as the go-to civil attorney for the Collins family who got dragged into this murder case just because they are familiar with him. Based on Garner's poor competency rating as a TV Lawyer, Roger Collins should fire him and instead reach out to Raymond Burr or Andy Griffith.

Episode 105 - 11/18/66

Burke stops in to see the sheriff, who happens to be reviewing Bill Malloy's autopsy report. Burke is surprised to hear that the case is not yet closed. Burke tells him that Vicki Winters has concrete evidence to offer, and that half an hour ago someone tried to kill her. The sheriff asked who, and Burke says he knows who. He then describes Vicki's experience the night before, and implicate Roger as the one who broke into her room.

Roger arrives home, and Liz asks where he was. She asks if he ran into Vicki—almost figuratively. Roger says he wonders where Sam Evans was this evening.

The sheriff says Burke is willing to believe anything bad about Roger. Burke also mentions the near accident tonight, and suggests Roger was responsible. Burke asks the sheriff to play along, as he's expecting to produce the necessary evidence to prove Roger's guilt.

Liz asks why Roger would ask about Sam Evans. He brings up the portrait he gifted her. She tells him he's wrong. Sam Evans couldn't have been the one who tried to get into her room. Roger suggests no one tried to get in, but Liz believes her. She reminds him of the ghost of Bill Malloy, and of the seaweed they found. They hear a call, and she sees it's the sheriff. She asks Roger to open the door, but he stares at it from across the room as they knock.

He opens the door to the sheriff, and Burke steps forward to join him. They adjourn to the drawing room, and Roger offers him a drink. Burke asks to see Vicki. Liz says she sent her to bed with a sedative because she was hysterical. Roger says it's all nonsense. He explains that Vicki sees ghosts. Burke asks about the pen she found. He tells the story of the pen he gave Carolyn. He says that Roger took it, and somehow lost it before he got to the meeting the night Bill died, only to be found by Vicki where Bill was murdered. Roger admits to losing the pen. He says someone may have found it, and then lost it before it was found by Vicki. Roger suggests Bill may have found it, and dropped it before he slipped and fell from the cliff.

Burke asks if Roger admits to telling Vicki that he went to meet Bill and then found his dead body. Roger again says that Vicki imagined it all. Roger asks to see the pen. Burke says that he knows that's a safe question, because he stole it from Vicki. Roger suggests that Burke produce a pen that Carolyn and Vicki can identify. Burke pulls a pen from his pocket and brandishes it in front of Roger. Roger asks where he got it. He says it couldn't be. He says it resembles it, but he can't be sure. Roger says the resemblance was purely superficial. The sheriff requests that Carolyn and Vicki come to his office to see if they can identify the pen. Roger says there must be thousands of those pens, and Burke explains there's only one in the country. The sheriff and Burke leave, with Burke offering Roger pleasant dreams.

Liz asks Roger if he'd care to explain, and he says he wouldn't. She asks why he didn't tell her about the pen. She tells him that she's going to have questions for Carolyn and Vicki in the morning before they go to the sheriff's office. Roger leaves.

Roger finds his way to where he buried the pen. He lifts the rock and digs in the sand. He scrambles before finding it. He has a look of relief until he hears Burke say, "Thanks Roger, you saved us a good deal of trouble." He stands up to see Burke and the Sheriff looking over him.

Our thoughts

John: Perhaps the most exciting surprise ending to a week since the show started! How can Roger possibly weasel his way out of this mess now, with the sheriff and Burke catching him in the act of digging up his buried treasure.

Christine: Caught red handed! Liz may have to leave Collinwood to visit him in jail.

John: I was almost sure that Burke was going to use Blair's pen to fabricate evidence against Roger, so I must admit I was pleasantly surprised he did so with the sheriff's advance knowledge.

Christine: I was surprised that the sheriff was game even before hearing Burke's plan. Burke must have told him the plan in the cruiser on the way to Collinwood.

John: I sure hope David was able to watch today's events unfold in his crystal ball! He wouldn't want to miss it. Can't wait to see where next week takes us. We're halfway to the arrival of Barnabas Collins, and the show has proven to be far more entertaining than I had ever expected going in to these early episodes.

Christine: Yes, it's too bad that the early episodes weren't initially released, causing fans to think they weren't worthwhile or entertaining. It is interesting to learn the history of the characters and see the evolution of the show.